South Sudan NewsLetter (August 2021 to April 2022)

(15 June 2022) This report is based on the findings of internationally trained local monitors on the ground in South Sudan, working for a national human rights organization. The monitors and the organization must remain anonymous given the present security concerns. The information reported meets the threshold for initiating an investigation. There is a reasonable basis to believe that the following incidents occurred.

Introduction

On July 09, 2011, South Sudan gained independence from Sudan. Since then, the new country descended into a seven year civil war, with scarce investment in state-building or any infrastructural development in the country.[1] The war was fought between the government forces of President Salva Kiir, the armed opposition group Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army in-Opposition (SPLM/A-IO), led by now first Vice President, Riek Machar, and other armed groups and affiliated militias.[2] Numerous attempts at peace failed, including the Agreement on the Resolution on the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan that saw Machar return as Vice President in 2016.[3] On 12 September 2018, a second peace deal, the Revitalized Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan (“Revitalized Agreement”), was signed in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.[4] Under the Revitalized Agreement, warring parties including the Incumbent Transitional Government of National Unity of the Republic of South Sudan, the SPLM/A-IO, the South Sudanese Opposition Alliance, and other political parties,[5] formed a coalition government in February 2020,[6] with Kiir and Machar running the country as President and Vice President for the third time.[7.

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